Oil heating-stove



e. w. FERDON. OIL HEATING STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I9, 1918- Patented Feb. 10, 1920.

UKTE

GUY W. FERDON, OE CRESSKILL, NEW JERSEY.

OIL HEATING-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 10, 1920.

Application filed December 19, 1918. Serial No. 267,495.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUY W. Fnnnon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cresskill, county of Bergen, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Heating-Stoves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it a-ppertain's to make and use the same.

My invention relates to oil heating stoves, or stoves of the type in which kerosene is burned for the purpose of imparting Warmth to the air of an apartment or inclosure.

My stove belongs to the type in which a wick is used; being of the center draft type in which air is introduced through the center of a cylindrical wick and is supplied to the flame through perforations in the top of a center draft tube, the tube being surrounded by a flame spreader of unusual type in this relation.

In my stove I use a free wick, that is a wick which is not restrained by any metal device immediately above it.

My invent-ion relates also to a particular kind of base for holding the oil tank, to legs in combination with said base for supporting said tank, to a feature in the top of the tank in connection with a downwardly projecting mixer for the entering air, and to other features in connection with the device. This may he used out doors in tent or trench.

I show my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view through the center of .my device.

Fig. 2 a somewhat similar view of a font and base on a larger scale; and

Fig. 3 a detail of one of the supporting legs.

In my device I provide a circular sheet metal base 1, in the upper part of which I provide a series of perforations 2, for a purpose to be referred to later. To brace and support this base I provide a series of legs 3, which may be described as made of a piece of strap or band iron with a perpendicular orI-shaped piece, as shown in 3. this said piece bein continued to form an so that the shape or outline of the leg, as viewed in Fig. 3, is typified by the combined capitals I and S joined or running together. lhe I part extends somewhat beyond the S part, as shown, is riveted. in each instance at 4: to the base, the lower rivet 4: passing also through the upper part of the 8 part ofthe leg as shown. The upper part of the I is bent inward, as shown at 5, and the supporting legs, here four in number, are thus adapted to support any object laid upon them. They are specially intended in the present instance to support the oil holder or tank 6, near the upper part of which I aflix a flange 7 adapted to rest upon the inturned portions 5 above alluded to.

The tank is thus supported by the flange independently of the base, and the weight of the tank is made to rest directly upon the vertical or I parts of the legs, as is plainly indicated in Fig. 2, whereby the weight of the oil and container which is always the heaviest part of a device of this kind, is taken from the base or from the rivets which may hold the legs to the base and trans ferred directly to said legs. The other end of the strip of strap iron or band iron or other metal, or it may be stamped sheet iron which I employ, terminates in a curve at 8, which may be used for the purpose of fastening the stove if desired. Thus, if the stove be used for heating an automobile, the foot rail of which is usually found in the rear of an automobile, may be brought up under said curved part 8, thereby holding the stove rigid in the machine and preventing it from being knocked about. If such a stove be used to heat the cabin of a launch, for instance, the said curved part or hook affords an easy means for lashing the stove securely against any fixed part. The spreading legs give it good stability.

It will thus be seen by my arrangement the legs 3 are made to carry the base and to carry the oil holder practically independent of the base, and at the same time to afford means for easily securing the stove in fixed position.

It will be noted that the tank is so located in the base that the top of the tank is opposite to, or at least immediatel close to the zone of openings in the base. ny air coming from the outside through said openings therefore passes over the top of the tank and helps to keep it cool. At the same time any such air will dry the top or keep it dry with relation to any oil which may have a tendency to creep over the top. Any such air is conducted to the flame and, of course, any oil vapor picked up by said air is burnt up by the flame. Before it reaches the flame coming from the wick 9, said air passes through a mixer 10, the lower part of which mixer is provided with openings or perforations for the entrance of said air. The flame is thus supplied with air from the interior through the center draft tube and with air from the exterior coming through the open ings 2 and the perforated mixer to the flame. The said mixer is extended down and its lower edge is made to enter a recess or groove 10 in the top of the tank. This brings the lower line of perforations about even with the surface of the top of the tank, (the extreme lower edge of the mixer being left unperforated for purposes of strength). This arrangement helps to maintain circulation of air directly over the top of the tank, and the mixer being in the position indicated, serves to keep the tank in position in case of jolting or knocking as the tank is thus held between the lower edge of said mixer and the upper parts 5 of the legs. It cannot get away.

I arrange at the upper part of the center draft tube a deflector 11 of a novel type in the present relation, the same being given a dome shape or circular arch shape. This deflector 11 when of this shape, gives a flat angle to the flame 12, indicated in Fig. 2, and directs the heat more exactly outward against the walls of the drum 13, and thereby renders the device more eflective for heating purposes. Its lower edge is below the topmost tube perforation.

This drum 13 is partly closed at its lower part by the diaphragm 14, which diaphragm is arranged to come just below the arched deflector 11 so that the wick ends below the deflector and the gases made by the oil are led up or rise up against the deflector, and are curved outward by said deflector or given an outward drift whereby the flame is directed a ainst the uills of the drum, as has been indicated.

The flame is supplied with air from both inside and outside. and the gases are thus consumed completely without smoke or odor. The angle. that is the final angle of the flame. is perhaps 30 to the horizontal or less. It will be noted that with a flat deflector in place of the domed or arched deflector 11, the angle of the flame with reference to the horizontal is greater. It seems that the curved or arched deflector of my present invention forms what might be called a back water for an eddy or dead air space, over which the uprising air from the center of the tube and elsewhere flows smoothly and without the disturbance which close contact with a metal surface, however smooth that surface may e, is apt to cause in the stream of air or gases moving under slight pressure.

The curve of the edge I have shown as made of a radius from somewhere near he center of the lamp or stove. It is not necessary, however, that this curve be exact. One advantage, moreover, of the curve is that the lower end of the mixer 10 may be brought close to the burner when the hinged cover and drum are swunginto place. That is, the curve of the deflector allows for a closer arrangement and perhaps less clear ance. The flare acts thus as a downwardly curved check to the upwardly reaching flame with a clean clear cut edge.

The drum is provided with holes in its top for the proper circulation, and with the necessary handle, if desired. I use the wick raiser 15 of ordinary type, and I provide my drum with a catch 16 passing through a slot in the diaphragm l t to which the drum is secured, as indicated in Fig. 3, and I may also use in it a window 15 for illuininating purposes or to give the stove a cheerful appearance. The drum diaphragm 1 1- is hinged at 17 to the base.

Furthermore, it will be noted in this connection that the holes 2 in the top of the base are so situated with respect to the flame that light is directed down through the perforations in the lower part of the mixer and out through the holes thereby giving more or less illumination to the floor, if the stove is standing on the floor, or to surrounding objects.

It will thus be seen that l have devised a convenient and cheerful stove, one which will burn oil without odor, which can be carried around, that is it is easily portable, one which when at rest supports the oil container independently of the incasing drum, and one which by a new arrangement of openings and by means of a peculiar shaped deflector burns a clear flame with a comparatively flat angle or trajectory, whereby the drum more intensely heated. The deflector is preferably arranged as shown so that the arch is directly over the wick. The legs are provided with means whereby they may be fastened to any fixed part, and thus the stove is prevented from being moved about on the deck of a vessel or on the floor of an automobile. My device has also other advantages which will be detailed in the claims.

By the use of the present devices in connection with the open wick, I am enabled to make the wick last longer and burn more evenly, that is with a beautiful clear flame. Of course Imay use material of any suitable kind.

It will be noted that the top is hinged to the base in such a manner that the top can be turned back all the way, in fact may rest upon the floor. This provides for easy re moval of the lamp or tank, and easy replacement of the lamp, where it is prevent ed from turning or moving by the arrangement heretofore described, in the base.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base and supporting legs for said base, said legs being formed of strap iron bent first to an 8-shape and then continued to an I-shape, the I-shaped part of each leg being riveted to the inside of the base to brace the same, the upper tip of the I being bent inward to form a support for a flange on the oil tank, whereby such tank is supported directly upon the stove legs.

2. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base and supporting legs for said base, the legs being made of strap iron bent to an S-shape and continued to an I-shape, the I part of each leg being secured to the inside of the base and the 5 part being extended beyond the base, and riveted at the upper inward curve of the S to the base.

3. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base, an oil consuming heating device in said base, and legs of bent iron for said base, each of said legs having a straight and a curved part, each of said legs being secured to said base in its straight and its curved part, said legs being arranged to support directly, the oil consuming device.

4-. In an oil stove in combination, a base, supports thereon, an oil consuming device having a tank adapted to be supported directly upon said supports with its top surface below the upper edge of the base and with its flame somewhat above the level of the upper edge of the base, there being in the base, openings near its upper edge and also openings at the level of the top of the tank of the oil consuming device, a drum pivoted near the level of the flame to swing in a wide arc, and a perforated mixer mounted in said drum so as to swing close to the top of the tank down over the burner, the perforations in the mixer causing incoming air to be directed over the top of the tank into the mixer and also into the mixer near the level of the flame.

5. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base, strap iron legs riveted to said base to strengthen it, each of said legs being provided with a bent over top, and an oil container provided near its top with a flange adapted to rest upon the bent over parts of said legs, the arrangement being such that the burner comes near the level, of the top of the base.

6. In an oil heater, in combination, abase provided with air openings along its upper edge, tank supporting legs riveted to said base, a tank adapted to fit the inside of the base, said tank having a flange adapted to rest upon said legs and a burner for said tank, the top of the tank coming near the level of the openings, the arrangement being such that the flame may be just above the air admitting openings, whereby the flame is supplied with air through said openings, said air passing over the top of the tank and keeping it dry.

7. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base provided with air admitting openings near its upper edge, a center draft tank and burner, said tank provided with tank supporting means, legs secured to the base and adapted to take the weight of the tank directly through said supporting means, the construction being such that the burner is well centered and is also supplied with air both by center draft and by air through the base openings, a heating drum hinged to the base, and an air mixer in said hinged drum, arranged to come down over the burner almost to the top of the tank, whereby the air coming in through the base openings is well distributed about and below the flame, and the tank prevented by said mixer from being moved out of place. v

8. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base, a. tank and burner fitted in said base, and a heating drum hinged to it, legs arranged to support said tank and secured to and bracing said base, said legs being each provided with an outwardly and upwardly extending part curved to form a hook for engagement with a support to hold the stove in fixed position.

9. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base, a tank therefor, legs for said base, adapted to support said tank, said legs bestraight or I-shaped in one part and S- shaped in another, the lower bend of the S forming a foot and the upper bend being extended into a curve or hook for engagement with a support.

10. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base, supports therefor, atank adapted to be carried directly upon said supports, a burner for said tank, said base being provided with air admitting openings near the upper edge thereof, a drum hinged to said base, and an air mixer in said drum arranged to close down over the burner, between the burner and the base openings close against the top of the tank, said drum being provided with a flange adapted to fit ti ht against the upper edge of the base.

11. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base, supports on which said base is mounted, and adapted to be carried by said supports, a tank having a grooved top and center draft burner in said base, a drum hinged to said base, said drum having a perforated air mixer adapted to extend the perforations past the burner with the lower edge of the mixer adapted to extend into the groove of the tank top, a flame deflector arranged upon the upper part of said burner, the said flame deflector being curved on an arc corresponding somewhat to the Cir all.

arc in which that edge of the air mixer remote from the hinge swings, whereby the latter may be arranged close to the flame deflector.

12. In an. oil heating stove, in combination, a base, drum, a tank and center draft burner in said base, a perforated air mixer adapted to extend said perforations past said burner with its bottom close to the top of the tank, and an arched flame deflector arranged in the top of the burner, the arch extending directly over the. wick, said base being provided with perforations for feeding air directly to said burner from the outside.

13. In an oi heating stove, in combina tion, a base, legs attached to said base, and an oil tank, said tank and legs provided with means adapted to support the oil tank directly and. without putting weight upon the base.

In an oil heating stove, in combination, a base, an oil tank having a flange, legs attached to said base and provided with parts adapted to engage said flange and support said tank independently of said base, a top for said base and a handle for said top whereby, when the stove is standing the oil tank is supported directly upon the legs, but when it is hung up or carried the handle of the drum supports the base and the oil tank.

15. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a supporting base having a perforated top edge, an oil tank having a center draft burner, the perforations in the inner draft tube being continued to the top, arranged to come near the top edge of the base, whereby it receives air through said perforations, and an arched flame spreader arranged at the top of said burner with the arch directly over the wick, whereby the burning gases from the wick are spread or deflected substantially somewhat flat by said arched spreader.

16. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a supporting iase having a perforated top edge, a tank within said base having a center draft burner with a central tube perforated to the top thereof, a downwardly arched flame deflector arranged at the top of the tube, its lower edge extending below the topmost perforations of said tube,

the burner being arranged near the top edge of the base, a top, a mixer in said top arranged to extend below the upper edge of the base, the arrangement being such that air entering the perforations passes through the mixer, and air passing up the center tube is deflected outwardly and downwardly to meet air passing through the perform tions and the mixer.

17. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a perforated supporting base, a tank having a center tube arranged to be supported in said base so that its upper face is near the level of said perforations, there being a groove in said upper face, a top for said base, a perforated mixer in said top arranged so that its lower edge may extend into the said groove, the arrangement being such that air entering the perforations of the base will pass over and keep dry the upper surface of the tank and passing into the mixer will meet with the flame and gases carried up the tube of the center draft burner.

18. In an oil heating stove, in combina: tion, a base. perforated near its top edge, a tank having a center draft burner and provided with a grooved flat top, means for supporting said tank with its top near the said perforations, a mixer arranged to extend into the groove, and to aid in keeping the tank in place, and a downwardly arched flame deflector for said burner having the arch above the wick, whereby flame and gases are deflected outwardly.

19. In an oil heating stove, in combination, a sheet metal base having a zone of air admitting perforations near its top, a flat topped center draft tank and means for supporting said tank with its top level with the perforations, a mixer having at its lower end a Zone of perforations substantially level with the air admitting perforations, an imperforate top closure for the base and a burner arranged about the center draft tube whereby the flame is supplied with air from within the tube and by air from without, the latter air being compelled to flow over the top of the tank thereby keeping said top dry and clean.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

GUY W. FERDON. 

